Zebulon davis



(No Model.)

Z. DAVIS.

r Vapor. Burner for Stoves- No. 235,415. Patented Dec. 14,1880.

iTml'lmlmv N,PETERS, PNOTO-LITNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTONHD G.

iTED STATES PATENT prion.

ZEBULON DAVIS, OF CANTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM B. BLAKE, OF SAME PLACE.

VAPOR-BURNER FOR STOVES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 235,415, dated December 14, 1880.

Application filed August 27 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ZEBULON DA-VIS, of Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners for Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,-clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it,

reference being had to the accompanying drawin gs which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in vapor-stoves; and it consists, first, in a flat deflectin g and mixing chamber,whichis formed on the under side of the burner itself, and which chamber is widest at its upper end, and has its upper end flush with the bottom of the burner-chamber itself, instead of rising above it, and which deflecting-chamber, used in connection with the two fiat surfaces of the top of the burner, causes a more perfect commingling of the airand gas, and causes the gas to burn without any blowing or similar noise 5 second, in making a longitudinal hole 2 5 in the end of the regulating-screw, and a hole through its side to connect therewith, and placing in the longitudinal opening in the end of the screw a plug, which has a very fine opening through it, and through which fine opening the gas passes.

The object of my invention is to provide a burner for vapor-stoves in which the heat of the burner is made to'vaporize the oil without the use of a subsidiary jet, and to so construct 3 5 the burner that the vapor is thoroughly oxygenized, and such a degree or perfect combustion secured as is necessary to obtain the greatest heat and to make a blue flame without any of the usual objectionable blowing or 40 roaring noise that is common with burners now in use when burning at their full capacity.

Figurel is a vertical longitudinal section of my invention. Fig. 2 are perspectives of the burner alone. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail 4 5 view of the inner end of the regulating-screw.

A represents a section of the conductingpipe, through which the oil, gasoline, or other substance is passed. Screwed into the upper end of the pipe A is the vaporizing chamber or ring B, through which the oil passes, and.

upon the top of which the burner rests. This chamber and burner are made entirely separate and distinct from each other, so that the burner can be removed at will. By making these two parts entirely separate and distinct the construction of the burner is greatly cheapened and simplified, and much lighter material can be used in its manufacture. This ring or chamber is also screwed to the pipe D, in which is placed the regulating-screw E. The regulating-screw E, instead of being provided with a needle-valve at its inner end, has its inner end bored out for a suitable distance, and a hole made through its side which communicates with the longitudinal hole in the screw itself, and which hole in the side of the screw registers with the hole in the pipe D, which leads from the ring or chamber. In the end of the screw is placed a small plug, through which a suitable-sized hole is made, and from which opening or hole issues the main gaset. This plug allows a larger hole to be bored 1n the screw, which does away with all necessity for centering the two holes, so that they w ll strike each other, and allows plugs having dif- 7 5 ferent-sized holes to be used with the same screw.

By means of this construction the usual needle-valve for controlling the flow of gas is entirely'done away with, and a quicker, readier, and more positive control of the jet is acquired. Where the needle-valve is used a number of turns of the screw is necessary, so as to open or close the orifice through WhlGh the jet issues; but where the opening is made 8 through the screw, as here shown, it is only necessary to turn the screw sufficiently around to move the opening through its side away from the opening in the pipe D.

One serious objection to the needle-valve 1s that it soon enlarges the jet-orifice so as to make the orifice too large; but where the hole is made through the screw there is no wear upon the jet-orifice and but little upon the thread of the screw.

To the under side of the burner Gris secured the flat mixing and deflecting chamber H, which chamber is made widest at its top, and has its upper end flush with the bottom of the burner. Projecting out from the side of the 100 chamber which is next to the gas-jet, is the conducting-pipe I, through which the gas from the main orifice is projected into the chamber. The distance between the main jet and the outer end of this pipe should be sufficient to enable the gas to entrain a suitable quantityof air to thoroughly oxygenize the gas and make it burn with a blue flame. As the gas passes through this conductingpipe, which is slightly inclined, the gas strikes with unimpeded velocity against the back side of the chamber, when, from the peculiar shape of the chamber, it is spread out and intimately mixed with the air and directed with the proper velocity to the fiat surfaces of the burner above. When this chamber consists simply of a tube there is not this thorough intermixturc of air with the vapor, and the passage-way, being necessarily contracted, others too much friction or retarding influence upon the gas, which, not striking the flat burners surfaces with the proper energy or force, produces a yellow flame, that not only fails to make the required heat, but deposits soot and smoke upon the articles which come in contact with it.

The top of the burner has a flat circular dome made upon its top, and the rest of the cover, from the bottom of this dome outward, is made perfectly flat, as shown. As the gas is deflected upward from the mixing-chamber it strikes against the two flat surfaces of this cover, and is projected outward through the jet-orifices, where the gas burns with asmooth, quiet, blue flame, and produces an intense heat.

Heretot'ore the burners have been made with a flattop to the dome part of the cover, but with a curved top to all the other part of the cover outside of the dome, and which curved part has only served to deflect and guide the gas downward toward the bottom of the burner. As a consequence, in order to prevent the rising and vthe descending currents of gas from cominingling and interfering with the proper direction of each other inside of the burner, it has been found necessary to extend the upper end of the conducting chamber or tube a suitable distance above the top of the bottom of the burner. But while this construction of a curved top and projecting conducting-tube will answer for a small flame, it utterly fails when a full jet of gas is turned on, in which case, the gas in the burner being crowded, there is an unavoidable interference of the currents, and a yellow, limber, and torch y instead of a stifi'blue flame, is the result.

It will be understood that, notwithstanding Where a full jet is turned on, the velocity of the vapor becomes so great that without some check the flame will blow and produce not r mains only a disagreeable noise, but escape from the jet-holes with force enough to extinguish themselves, yet in no case dare the retardation of the vapor current be suificient to prevent the formation of a blue flame. The location and shape of the mixing and deflecting chamber are found to meet these conditions very efiiciently, and as with its use there is no rebounding or downward current in the burner, and hence no extension of a conducting tube or chamber above the top of the bottom of the burner required, the burner will produce a larger and bluer flame than other burners.

For cooking and heating purposes a blue flame is necessary, and this kind of a flame, with great intensity of heat, and that without any smoke or blowing noise, is produced to perfection by the construction that is here shown.

It must be borne in mind that there must be two flat surfaces formed upon the top of the burner, in contradistinction to one flat and a curved surface if a blue heating-flame is to be produced when the jet is turned on full, for a curved surface alone will not deflect the rising current at the proper angle through the jetorifices as a flat one will.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a vapor-burner, a mixing and deflecting chamber, H, secured to the under side of and communicating with the burner-chamber, so as to form practically but a single chamber, and which chamber has its rear side made vertical, or nearly so, and an inlet oppositely placed, whereby the air and gas, which are guided into the chamber, strike against this rear side, and are thoroughly mixed and then deflected upward into the burner, substantially as shown.

2. In avapor-burner, the combination of the burner G, the chamber H, secured to its under side, an inclined tube or guide to conduct the air and gas into the chamber, and a screw or valve to regulate the flow of the gas, the parts being arranged to operate substantially as described.

3. The screw E, having a longitudinal opening made in its end to receive the perforated plug, and having an opening made through its side to communicate with the central opening, in combination with the pipe D, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of August, 1880.

Z. DAVIS.

\Vitnesses CHAS. H. ISHAM, U. S. DRURY. 

